Journal: Journal of Ginseng Research

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rg1 improves hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction through TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway-modulated mitophagy

doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.10.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Network pharmacology analysis to explore Rg1 targets in the treatment of PAH and Rg1 ameliorates hypoxia-induced PAH. (A) Venn diagram. (B) Topology analysis. (C) PPI network. (D) Cluster analysis. (E) Hub genes. (F) Bioprocess category terms from GO enrichment analysis. (G) KEGG analysis. (H) Molecular docking. (I–K) RVSP and mPAP hemodynamic analysis (n = 8). (L, M) Representative B-mode apical four-chamber right ventricular. RVFAC=(right ventricular end diastolic area - right ventricular end systolic area)/right ventricular end diastolic area × 100 %] (n = 4). (N–P) Ultrasonic heart map of pulmonary blood flow (n = 4). (Q, R) H&E staining images (n = 8). ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗P < 0.05 compared to the SuHx group.

Article Snippet: The cells were incubated with Rg1 (20 μM), SRI37330 (1 μM, a TXNIP inhibitor; MCE), MCC950 (2 μM, an NLRP3 inhibitor; MCE), Sildenafil (5 μM), SB203580 (5 μM, MCE), and Liensinine (20 μM, MCE) for 12 h. The treated HPAECs were then exposed to 37 °C, 1 % O 2 for 25 min, and 20 % O 2 for 5 min for 24 h.

Techniques: Staining

Journal: Journal of Ginseng Research

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rg1 improves hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction through TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway-modulated mitophagy

doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.10.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rg1 alleviates VED in SuHx Mice. (A–E) Endothelium-dependent vasodilation reaction (n = 5). (F–H) NO level (n = 8) and DAF-FM DA fluorescence image (n = 3). (I–J) Immunohistochemical detection of p-eNOS expression (n = 3). (K–N) P-eNOS and eNOS protein expression (n = 3). ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗P < 0.05 compared to the SuHx group.

Article Snippet: The cells were incubated with Rg1 (20 μM), SRI37330 (1 μM, a TXNIP inhibitor; MCE), MCC950 (2 μM, an NLRP3 inhibitor; MCE), Sildenafil (5 μM), SB203580 (5 μM, MCE), and Liensinine (20 μM, MCE) for 12 h. The treated HPAECs were then exposed to 37 °C, 1 % O 2 for 25 min, and 20 % O 2 for 5 min for 24 h.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Ginseng Research

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rg1 improves hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction through TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway-modulated mitophagy

doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.10.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rg1 alleviates oxidative stress, inflammation and mitophagy in SuHx mice. (A–C) SOD activity, MDA and GSH -PX levels (n = 8). (D–G) Fluorescence of MitoROS and intracellular ROS (n = 3). (H and I) TNF-α and IL-1βlevels (n = 8). (J–L) ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 protein expression (n = 3). (M–R) PINK1, Parkin, p62, Beclin-1, and LC3-II protein expression (n = 3). ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗P < 0.05 compared to the SuHx group.

Article Snippet: The cells were incubated with Rg1 (20 μM), SRI37330 (1 μM, a TXNIP inhibitor; MCE), MCC950 (2 μM, an NLRP3 inhibitor; MCE), Sildenafil (5 μM), SB203580 (5 μM, MCE), and Liensinine (20 μM, MCE) for 12 h. The treated HPAECs were then exposed to 37 °C, 1 % O 2 for 25 min, and 20 % O 2 for 5 min for 24 h.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Fluorescence, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Ginseng Research

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rg1 improves hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction through TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway-modulated mitophagy

doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.10.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Impact of Rg1 on the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway and mitophagy in hypoxia-induced VED. (A–C) Immunohistochemical detection of TXNIP and NLRP3 expression (n = 3). (D–J) TXNIP, TRX, NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β and Caspase-1 protein expression (n = 3). (K,L and N-P) Rg1 impact on TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway in hypoxia-induced VED (n = 5). (K, M and Q-S) Effect of Rg1 on mitophagy in hypoxia-induced VED (n = 5). ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01 compared to the Hyp group. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 compared to the Rg1 group.

Article Snippet: The cells were incubated with Rg1 (20 μM), SRI37330 (1 μM, a TXNIP inhibitor; MCE), MCC950 (2 μM, an NLRP3 inhibitor; MCE), Sildenafil (5 μM), SB203580 (5 μM, MCE), and Liensinine (20 μM, MCE) for 12 h. The treated HPAECs were then exposed to 37 °C, 1 % O 2 for 25 min, and 20 % O 2 for 5 min for 24 h.

Techniques: Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Ginseng Research

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rg1 improves hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction through TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway-modulated mitophagy

doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.10.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rg1 alleviates endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation via the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway in hypoxia-induced HPAECs. (A) Cell viability at different drug concentrations (n = 5). (B) Cell activity of different groups (n = 5). (C–E) NO levels (n = 8) and DAF-FM DA fluorescence (n = 3). (G–F) Immunohistochemical detection of p-eNOS expression (n = 3). (H–K) P-eNOS and eNOS protein expression (n = 3). (L–N) SOD activity, MDA and GSH-px levels (n = 8). (O–R) MitoROS and intracellular ROS fluorescence (n = 3). (S and T) TNF-α and IL-6 levels (n = 8). (U–W) ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 protein expression (n = 3). ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01 compared to the Hyp group.

Article Snippet: The cells were incubated with Rg1 (20 μM), SRI37330 (1 μM, a TXNIP inhibitor; MCE), MCC950 (2 μM, an NLRP3 inhibitor; MCE), Sildenafil (5 μM), SB203580 (5 μM, MCE), and Liensinine (20 μM, MCE) for 12 h. The treated HPAECs were then exposed to 37 °C, 1 % O 2 for 25 min, and 20 % O 2 for 5 min for 24 h.

Techniques: Activity Assay, Fluorescence, Immunohistochemical staining, Expressing

Journal: Journal of Ginseng Research

Article Title: Ginsenoside Rg1 improves hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular endothelial dysfunction through TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway-modulated mitophagy

doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2024.10.002

Figure Lengend Snippet: Rg1 ameliorates mitophagy via the TXNIP/NLRP3 pathway in hypoxia-induced HPAECs. (A–C) TXNIP, NLRP3 fluorescence (n = 3). (D–J) TXNIP, TRX, NLRP3, ASC, IL-1β and Caspase-1 protein expression (n = 3). (K) Cell activity of different groups (n = 5). (L,M) ΔΨm (n = 3). (N,O) Lyso-Tracker Green and Mito-Tracker Red CMXRos staining (n = 3). (P–U) Pink 1, Parkin, p62, Beclin-1, LC3 protein expression (n = 3). ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01 compared to the Hyp group. # P < 0.05, ## P < 0.01 compared to the Rg1 group.

Article Snippet: The cells were incubated with Rg1 (20 μM), SRI37330 (1 μM, a TXNIP inhibitor; MCE), MCC950 (2 μM, an NLRP3 inhibitor; MCE), Sildenafil (5 μM), SB203580 (5 μM, MCE), and Liensinine (20 μM, MCE) for 12 h. The treated HPAECs were then exposed to 37 °C, 1 % O 2 for 25 min, and 20 % O 2 for 5 min for 24 h.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Expressing, Activity Assay, Staining